Chapter 20 Project
Please choose ONE of the following options to work on for your Chapter 20 project. You may work in groups of your choice for numbers 1 or 2. Please keep in mind that if you choose to do a group project, you will have to arrange to meet with group members during your lunch hour or after school. I will be providing minimal in-class time to work on this project.
Project Options
1. Dramatization: Students will work in groups to dramatize one of the important events of this chapter, such as the trial of King Charles I, the Boston Massacre, or the signing of the Declaration of Independence. Students will either present their skit in class OR as a movie (DVD). Students will be marked on creativity, content, costumes, editing (if relevant), and historical interpretation. Students MUST pass in a hard copy of their project (script).
2. News Report: Students should imagine they are “war correspondents” traveling with one of the armies covered in this chapter. Student(s) must produce a written news report about the war which includes information about battles as well as the ideas over which the wars were fought (reasons, motivations, etc.). Students will present news report during class time (or create a newscast on DVD). Students will be marked on creativity, content, costumes, editing (if relevant), and historical interpretation.
3. Biography: Students will write a brief biography about two individuals from the English Civil War and the American Revolution. Students must create a table which illustrates the similarities and differences of these individuals. (considering common characteristics, beliefs, or experiences). Students will also be asked to complete a “History Frame” hand-out for each revolution (obtain from Ms. Flick). Students will be asked to hand in the biographies, table, and hand-outs. Students will be marked on content, insight, grammar/spelling, and historical accuracy/interpretation.
4. Graphics: Students will develop a “pictorial history” of one of the revolutions covered in this chapter. Students must illustrate the major events before, during, and after the revolution. Students must include text that explains the events. Format: display/comic strip/powerpoint slideshow/scrapbook. Students will be marked on creativity, content, historical accuracy, neatness, and clarity of image
Monday, December 21, 2009
Ch.20 Test today. Those who missed will receive a zero if I did not receive a phonecall from a parent/guardian. Those with valid excuses will write the first day back.
Upcoming Projects/Assignments:
Research Paper Outline: Jan.6
Research Paper Rough Draft: Jan.9 (was the 7th but I gave you a 2 day extension)
Final Draft (contained in an envelope with RD and notecards): Jan.12
Chapter 20 Project: Jan.11 (Monday)
I hope everyone has a very Merry (and safe) holiday break!!!
Upcoming Projects/Assignments:
Research Paper Outline: Jan.6
Research Paper Rough Draft: Jan.9 (was the 7th but I gave you a 2 day extension)
Final Draft (contained in an envelope with RD and notecards): Jan.12
Chapter 20 Project: Jan.11 (Monday)
I hope everyone has a very Merry (and safe) holiday break!!!
Sunday, December 20, 2009
Test
Ch.20 test is on Monday Dec. 21
You will receive a mark of zero if you skip the test. If you are not in class on Monday, your parent/guardian must call in to verify your absence.
You will receive a mark of zero if you skip the test. If you are not in class on Monday, your parent/guardian must call in to verify your absence.
Thursday, December 17, 2009
Section 4 Answers
Chapter 20 Section 4 Questions/Answers
1. Why did British troops enter Boston in 1775?
A: Colonists outraged seaports still closed (teaparty) causing job loss, rumors of British soldiers committing crimes/murder. British sensed the tension and sent in 700 troops to seize all the military supplies of the colonists
2. Explain what happened during the battle of Lexington and Concord and why it began. Why were the colonists so successful in this battle?
A. Paul Revere and William Dawes learned of the Brit plan and rode to warn the colonials troops when Brit troops marched into Lexington there were already 70 farmers/villagers blocking their path refusing to move. Shot was fired (unknown which side), 8 colonists killed. Brits marched back to Boston and were fired at by colonists hiding. Result: 100 colonists dead; 300 Brit soldiers dead. Colonist were successful b/c they knew in advance and were prepared.
3. Explain the purpose and outcome of the Olive Branch Petition.
A. Proposal called the “Olive Branch Petition” was sent out by Congress to try to arrange a peaceful compromise. Outcome: Refused by Brits = little chance of a peaceful compromise.
4. Why would Thomas Paine’s Common Sense have had so much effect on colonists’ opinions at the time it was published?
A. Common Sense promoted independence for economic, social, and moral reasons – in other words, it made sense on ‘all levels’. It was widely circulated, so many American colonists were convinced by its writing. It also used emotional appeals “The Americans who have been killed seem to say, ‘TIS TIME TO PART.” and logical appeals to convince the colonists.
5. Who drafted the Declaration of Independence and upon what ideas was it based?
A. Thomas Jefferson drafted the D of I which was based on the reasons for separation from GB (based ideas on those of Locke and other Enlightenment thinkers). Individuals should have certain basic rights that could not be taken away by gov’t. Gov’ts should be created as an agreement between a ruler and those being ruled – if ruler loses support, people have the right to change the gov’t through rebellion.
6. During the Revolutionary War, the British had significant military advantages over the colonists. Why were the British unsuccessful?
A. British army: well led, well trained, well equipped – most powerful navy, money, experience
Colonists: no navy, little experience, no money, clothes, guns, food, ammo,uniforms.
George Washington (head of colonist army) was a skillful general (motivating/inspiring), received help from the French (arms/ammo) French wanted revenge for French and Indian War. They used ambush tactics, Brits had to wait long periods for supplies (coming across Atlantic).
7. In the end, what do you think led to the colonists victory in the Revolutionary War?
A. Answers may vary. Passion, loyalty, need for independence, work ethic, good leadership, support from France, Spain, Netherlands.
8. What was the first constitution of the United States? Why was it ineffective?
A. The U.S formed “The Articles of Confederation” a league of independent states. They were weak and unable to collect taxes. It failed to regulate the states’ economic activity -> result was quarreling amongst states.
9. What type of gov’t did the 1788 Constitution of the United States establish? What is meant by separation of powers?
A. United States Constitution 1788 – it set up a federal system (gov’t in which power is divided between a central gov’t and regional, or state, governments. Separation of powers Montesquieu’s division of gov’t: executive, legislative, and judicial.
10. What Act was added to the Constitution soon after it was ratified?
A. Bill of Rights: 10 amendments protected personal liberties such as freedom of religion, freedom of speech, trial by jury, and protection of rights of individual states.
1. Why did British troops enter Boston in 1775?
A: Colonists outraged seaports still closed (teaparty) causing job loss, rumors of British soldiers committing crimes/murder. British sensed the tension and sent in 700 troops to seize all the military supplies of the colonists
2. Explain what happened during the battle of Lexington and Concord and why it began. Why were the colonists so successful in this battle?
A. Paul Revere and William Dawes learned of the Brit plan and rode to warn the colonials troops when Brit troops marched into Lexington there were already 70 farmers/villagers blocking their path refusing to move. Shot was fired (unknown which side), 8 colonists killed. Brits marched back to Boston and were fired at by colonists hiding. Result: 100 colonists dead; 300 Brit soldiers dead. Colonist were successful b/c they knew in advance and were prepared.
3. Explain the purpose and outcome of the Olive Branch Petition.
A. Proposal called the “Olive Branch Petition” was sent out by Congress to try to arrange a peaceful compromise. Outcome: Refused by Brits = little chance of a peaceful compromise.
4. Why would Thomas Paine’s Common Sense have had so much effect on colonists’ opinions at the time it was published?
A. Common Sense promoted independence for economic, social, and moral reasons – in other words, it made sense on ‘all levels’. It was widely circulated, so many American colonists were convinced by its writing. It also used emotional appeals “The Americans who have been killed seem to say, ‘TIS TIME TO PART.” and logical appeals to convince the colonists.
5. Who drafted the Declaration of Independence and upon what ideas was it based?
A. Thomas Jefferson drafted the D of I which was based on the reasons for separation from GB (based ideas on those of Locke and other Enlightenment thinkers). Individuals should have certain basic rights that could not be taken away by gov’t. Gov’ts should be created as an agreement between a ruler and those being ruled – if ruler loses support, people have the right to change the gov’t through rebellion.
6. During the Revolutionary War, the British had significant military advantages over the colonists. Why were the British unsuccessful?
A. British army: well led, well trained, well equipped – most powerful navy, money, experience
Colonists: no navy, little experience, no money, clothes, guns, food, ammo,uniforms.
George Washington (head of colonist army) was a skillful general (motivating/inspiring), received help from the French (arms/ammo) French wanted revenge for French and Indian War. They used ambush tactics, Brits had to wait long periods for supplies (coming across Atlantic).
7. In the end, what do you think led to the colonists victory in the Revolutionary War?
A. Answers may vary. Passion, loyalty, need for independence, work ethic, good leadership, support from France, Spain, Netherlands.
8. What was the first constitution of the United States? Why was it ineffective?
A. The U.S formed “The Articles of Confederation” a league of independent states. They were weak and unable to collect taxes. It failed to regulate the states’ economic activity -> result was quarreling amongst states.
9. What type of gov’t did the 1788 Constitution of the United States establish? What is meant by separation of powers?
A. United States Constitution 1788 – it set up a federal system (gov’t in which power is divided between a central gov’t and regional, or state, governments. Separation of powers Montesquieu’s division of gov’t: executive, legislative, and judicial.
10. What Act was added to the Constitution soon after it was ratified?
A. Bill of Rights: 10 amendments protected personal liberties such as freedom of religion, freedom of speech, trial by jury, and protection of rights of individual states.
Wednesday, December 16, 2009
Web Assignment --Answers must be HANDWRITTEN!!!
Research and Documentation Web Assignment
Go to the website: www.dianahacker.com Click on “Instructor Sites” Click on “ A Writer’s Reference” Click on “Research and Documentation Online” - Click on “dianahacker.com/resdoc” Click on “History”.
Please answer all questions on a piece of loose-leaf and pass in at the end of class. I WILL NOT accept answers that are typed.
1. “Research in history involves developing an understanding of the past through the examination and interpretation of evidence”. Please give six examples of evidence.
2. Historians use libraries to: (three things)
Go to “Documenting Sources”.
3. If you use the Chicago style of citation are you still required to include a bibliography?
4. What two things should you include the first time you cite a source?
5. Definition for the term subsequent:
6. How do you cite subsequent references? Please give an example.
7. What does “Ibid” mean? When do you use it? Give an example.
8. Go to the “Glossary of Terms”. Write down a definition for the following terms: citation, plagiarism, primary source, and secondary source.
9. Go to “Tips for Evaluating Sources”. Name two things that should be done when evaluating all sources and give an example of each.
10. Name and briefly explain four things that should be taken into consideration when evaluating a web site.
11. Create a footnote for the following references (refer to model notes and bibliography entries) and then create a properly formatted bibliography for the four references (remember to alphabetize!!)
Book:
Title: The Flick Chronicles
Author – John Myron
Publishing Company :Flick Books
City :New York
Publishing Date: June 2008
Page number: 6
Website:
Author: Jason Flick
URL: www.flickhistory.com
Title: Renaissance Art
Source: World History
Video:
Director: Steven Senegal
Title: The Spice Trade
Production Company: Flick Entertainment
Production Date: September 2007
Release Date: June 2008
Book:
Title: Kate Flick: Coolest Teacher on the Planet
Authors: Joe Broderick, Ryan Keliher
Publishing Company: Ragweed Press
City: Toronto
Publishing Date: April 2009
Page number:76
Go to the website: www.dianahacker.com Click on “Instructor Sites” Click on “ A Writer’s Reference” Click on “Research and Documentation Online” - Click on “dianahacker.com/resdoc” Click on “History”.
Please answer all questions on a piece of loose-leaf and pass in at the end of class. I WILL NOT accept answers that are typed.
1. “Research in history involves developing an understanding of the past through the examination and interpretation of evidence”. Please give six examples of evidence.
2. Historians use libraries to: (three things)
Go to “Documenting Sources”.
3. If you use the Chicago style of citation are you still required to include a bibliography?
4. What two things should you include the first time you cite a source?
5. Definition for the term subsequent:
6. How do you cite subsequent references? Please give an example.
7. What does “Ibid” mean? When do you use it? Give an example.
8. Go to the “Glossary of Terms”. Write down a definition for the following terms: citation, plagiarism, primary source, and secondary source.
9. Go to “Tips for Evaluating Sources”. Name two things that should be done when evaluating all sources and give an example of each.
10. Name and briefly explain four things that should be taken into consideration when evaluating a web site.
11. Create a footnote for the following references (refer to model notes and bibliography entries) and then create a properly formatted bibliography for the four references (remember to alphabetize!!)
Book:
Title: The Flick Chronicles
Author – John Myron
Publishing Company :Flick Books
City :New York
Publishing Date: June 2008
Page number: 6
Website:
Author: Jason Flick
URL: www.flickhistory.com
Title: Renaissance Art
Source: World History
Video:
Director: Steven Senegal
Title: The Spice Trade
Production Company: Flick Entertainment
Production Date: September 2007
Release Date: June 2008
Book:
Title: Kate Flick: Coolest Teacher on the Planet
Authors: Joe Broderick, Ryan Keliher
Publishing Company: Ragweed Press
City: Toronto
Publishing Date: April 2009
Page number:76
Web Assignment --Answers must be HANDWRITTEN!!!
Research and Documentation Web Assignment
Go to the website: www.dianahacker.com Click on “Instructor Sites” Click on “ A Writer’s Reference” Click on “Research and Documentation Online” - Click on “dianahacker.com/resdoc” Click on “History”.
Please answer all questions on a piece of loose-leaf and pass in at the end of class. I WILL NOT accept answers that are typed.
1. “Research in history involves developing an understanding of the past through the examination and interpretation of evidence”. Please give six examples of evidence.
2. Historians use libraries to: (three things)
Go to “Documenting Sources”.
3. If you use the Chicago style of citation are you still required to include a bibliography?
4. What two things should you include the first time you cite a source?
5. Definition for the term subsequent:
6. How do you cite subsequent references? Please give an example.
7. What does “Ibid” mean? When do you use it? Give an example.
8. Go to the “Glossary of Terms”. Write down a definition for the following terms: citation, plagiarism, primary source, and secondary source.
9. Go to “Tips for Evaluating Sources”. Name two things that should be done when evaluating all sources and give an example of each.
10. Name and briefly explain four things that should be taken into consideration when evaluating a web site.
11. Create a footnote for the following references (refer to model notes and bibliography entries) and then create a properly formatted bibliography for the four references (remember to alphabetize!!)
Book:
Title: The Flick Chronicles
Author – John Myron
Publishing Company :Flick Books
City :New York
Publishing Date: June 2008
Page number: 6
Website:
Author: Jason Flick
URL: www.flickhistory.com
Title: Renaissance Art
Source: World History
Video:
Director: Steven Senegal
Title: The Spice Trade
Production Company: Flick Entertainment
Production Date: September 2007
Release Date: June 2008
Book:
Title: Kate Flick: Coolest Teacher on the Planet
Authors: Joe Broderick, Ryan Keliher
Publishing Company: Ragweed Press
City: Toronto
Publishing Date: April 2009
Page number:76
Go to the website: www.dianahacker.com Click on “Instructor Sites” Click on “ A Writer’s Reference” Click on “Research and Documentation Online” - Click on “dianahacker.com/resdoc” Click on “History”.
Please answer all questions on a piece of loose-leaf and pass in at the end of class. I WILL NOT accept answers that are typed.
1. “Research in history involves developing an understanding of the past through the examination and interpretation of evidence”. Please give six examples of evidence.
2. Historians use libraries to: (three things)
Go to “Documenting Sources”.
3. If you use the Chicago style of citation are you still required to include a bibliography?
4. What two things should you include the first time you cite a source?
5. Definition for the term subsequent:
6. How do you cite subsequent references? Please give an example.
7. What does “Ibid” mean? When do you use it? Give an example.
8. Go to the “Glossary of Terms”. Write down a definition for the following terms: citation, plagiarism, primary source, and secondary source.
9. Go to “Tips for Evaluating Sources”. Name two things that should be done when evaluating all sources and give an example of each.
10. Name and briefly explain four things that should be taken into consideration when evaluating a web site.
11. Create a footnote for the following references (refer to model notes and bibliography entries) and then create a properly formatted bibliography for the four references (remember to alphabetize!!)
Book:
Title: The Flick Chronicles
Author – John Myron
Publishing Company :Flick Books
City :New York
Publishing Date: June 2008
Page number: 6
Website:
Author: Jason Flick
URL: www.flickhistory.com
Title: Renaissance Art
Source: World History
Video:
Director: Steven Senegal
Title: The Spice Trade
Production Company: Flick Entertainment
Production Date: September 2007
Release Date: June 2008
Book:
Title: Kate Flick: Coolest Teacher on the Planet
Authors: Joe Broderick, Ryan Keliher
Publishing Company: Ragweed Press
City: Toronto
Publishing Date: April 2009
Page number:76
Tuesday and Wednesday
Tuesday: Read Section 3 aloud and discussed
Wednesday: In-class Web Assignment in computer lab (all those who did not complete it will be responsible for completing the assignment for marks on their OWN time.
Tomorrow in class we will be discussing Section 4 notes and working on a review for Ch.20 Test which will be written on Friday.
Answers for Sections 2 & 3 Questions
Chapter 20 Section 2 Questions/Answers
1. Who was Charles II and where was he during Cromwell’s rule of England?
A: He was the son of Charles I – During Cromwell’s rule he fought for the royalists and then fled Europe and wandered from country to country.
2. Explain what is meant by the Restoration and what terms the king had to agree to.
A: It was the ‘restoring’ of a monarchy to England (Charles II) Terms: constitutional monarchy (king is not above the law); King must agree to Petition of Right and Magna Carta and other Parliamentary laws; Parliament would have some control implementing legislation (king would still have some power); Claredon Code – limiting university attendance, parliament, and religious services to Anglicans only.
3. Identify:
Cavalier Parliament: Parliament controlled by Royalists
Claredon Code: Law limiting university attendance, parliament, and religious services to Anglicans only.
Constitutional monarchy: King is not above the law
4. What documents make up the constitution of England?
A: Magna Carta, Petition of Right as well as other laws and customs.
5. Explain the reasons for a conflict over who would succeed Charles II and why this led to the attempt to pass the Exclusion Bill. How was the Bill actually defeated?
A: James II was Charles’ brother, but he was a practicing Catholic (Charles had no heir). People feared that there would be a revival of Catholic power. Exclusion Bill proposed to exclude James from the monarchy. Tories defeated the Bill by accepting the habeas corpus (person could not be imprisoned by a king without just cause). “Compromise”.
6. Who were the Whigs? The Tories?
A: England’s first political parties. Whigs were those that wanted to exclude James from the monarchy. Tories were those that defended the hereditary monarchy.
7&8 Parliament tolerated James II, despite his desire to restore absolute monarchy until what event? Explain how the Glorious Revolution occurred and who came to power.
A: The birth of James’ son (from second wife). Everyone was waiting patiently for James to die (Protestant daughter Mary would become ruler) but when his son was born (to be raised Catholic) it was clear he would inherit the throne. Whig and Tories united and invited Mary’s husband William of Orange (ruler of Netherlands) to invade England and take over the Crown. James fled (no support) William and Mary took the throne without bloodshed=Glorious Revolution (named this b/c it was peaceful).
9. Identify the following:
Bill of Right: King could not raise taxes or maintain an army without the consent of Parliament (could not suspend laws). Parliament should be held often, should be freedom of debate. Right to trial by jury, no cruel or unusual punishment, limited the amount of bail paid for a person awaiting trial. Right to appeal, speak freely in Parliament.
Act of Settlement: Parliament excluded any Catholic from inheriting the English throne (James tried unsuccessfully to recapture the Crown).
Act of Union: It united France and England into a new nation called “Great Britain”.
10. Was England a true democracy after the Glorious Revolution? Why or Why not?
A: No, although the monarchy did not have absolute power (Parliamentary influence was strong) and H of C members were elected, only male property owners could vote (250,000 people out of 6 million). 4 % of population. H of C members were not paid (made up of the wealthy and nobility, clergy).
11. Explain how the cabinet became a part of British government and how the office of prime minister emerged.
A: Anne (Hanover) was not skilled in politics -> sought guidance from a cabinet (advisers fr. H of C) A cabinet of Whigs and Tories fought therefore it became custom to pick a cabinet of members from the majority party. Anne was succeeded by George I – raised in Germany, spoke little English and relied on cabinet. Sir Robert Walpole (leader of Whigs) gained control of cabinet and advised King eventually est. position of prime minister (chief exec. of a parliamentary gov’t)
Chapter 20 Section 3 Questions/Answers
1. What were some of the differences between the people of the 13 colonies in America and the people of Britain?
A: Colonists: common language and political background; many radicals (fled from Britain); no aristocracy – no real social classes (everyone was the same – hard workers); colonists used to governing themselves.
British: no radicals (those with political ideas re: liberty, universal suffrage etc.); aristocracy (social ranking); monarchy.
2. How did Britain view the role of the colonies? How and why did they regulate trade with the colonies?
A: Saw them as only valuable to the extent that they benefited British trade (mercantilist view). IE: Produce goods (raw materials mostly) and provide markets for British manufactured goods. They passed a series of Navigational Acts that required colonists to export certain products only to Britain or other British colonies and all goods going to the colonies had to pass through G.B where they were taxed before reaching the colonies. All goods going to the colonies had to be transported on ships made in G.B.
3. Why was a greater percentage of men able to vote in the colonies than in Britain?
A: Voting was still restricted to landowning males; however, it was much easier to acquire land in the colonies.
4. What important power did the colonial assemblies gain in the early 1700s?
A: They won the right to limit the salaries of governors and judges and withhold /reduce his salary if he did not do as colonists pleased.
5. How did the outcome of the French and Indian War affect Britain’s view of the American colonies? What was the purpose of the Royal Proclamation of 1763? The enforcement of the Navigation Acts?
A: Britain’s felt some resentment towards the colonies as the cost of the war was debilitating. The Royal Proclamation that said that colonists could not (for time being) settle in lands west of the Appalachians. Thought it would avoid wars with Native Americans until GB had the area under control.
6. Identify and explain the role of each of the following in the to demands for independence:
The Stamp Act: all print materials must be stamped to show that a tax had been paid to GB.
The Declaratory Acts: Gave the British Parliament the right to pass laws governing the colonies.
Boston Massacre: Clash between British and American troops – crowd in Boston harassed the British troops (snowballs and eggs) gunfire= 5 Bostonians dead.
Boston Tea Party: Unrest in Boston Brits repealed most of its taxes, but kept its tax on tea. Special law was passed to allow Brits to sell tea in the colonies w/out paying tax = they could in turn sell their tea at a cheaper price which hurt the colonial tea merchants. Bostonians were not happy they dressed as Native Americans and dumped wooden chests of British tea into Boston Harbour (known as the Boston Tea Party).
Intolerable Acts: Punishment for the Boston Tea Party = Acts closed the harbor until the tea had been paid for and required the colonists to house and feed the British soldiers in their homes. Acts also reduced the colonists’ right of self-gov’t.
Quebec Act: Placed Canada and territories north of the Ohio River under a separate gov’t, thus closing the area to the colonists.
7. What was the reason for the First Continental Congress of 1775? What did the Congress conclude about the power of colonial legislatures? What did the Congress do with regard to trade with Britain.
A: The repressive measures of the Brits convinced the 13 colonies to form a union of resistance (meeting of colonial representatives to discuss grievances). They concluded that the colonials were entitled to make their own legislation (laws). They also recognized Parliament’s right to regulate trade and agreed that the colonies would not import goods from GB after Dec.1775 & after Sept.1775 not to send colonial goods to GB.
8. Why did the colonies begin to create a volunteer army in 1775?
A: They created volunteer armies b/c many colonists wanted to take more radical measures (battle) to rid themselves of GB’s control.
Wednesday: In-class Web Assignment in computer lab (all those who did not complete it will be responsible for completing the assignment for marks on their OWN time.
Tomorrow in class we will be discussing Section 4 notes and working on a review for Ch.20 Test which will be written on Friday.
Answers for Sections 2 & 3 Questions
Chapter 20 Section 2 Questions/Answers
1. Who was Charles II and where was he during Cromwell’s rule of England?
A: He was the son of Charles I – During Cromwell’s rule he fought for the royalists and then fled Europe and wandered from country to country.
2. Explain what is meant by the Restoration and what terms the king had to agree to.
A: It was the ‘restoring’ of a monarchy to England (Charles II) Terms: constitutional monarchy (king is not above the law); King must agree to Petition of Right and Magna Carta and other Parliamentary laws; Parliament would have some control implementing legislation (king would still have some power); Claredon Code – limiting university attendance, parliament, and religious services to Anglicans only.
3. Identify:
Cavalier Parliament: Parliament controlled by Royalists
Claredon Code: Law limiting university attendance, parliament, and religious services to Anglicans only.
Constitutional monarchy: King is not above the law
4. What documents make up the constitution of England?
A: Magna Carta, Petition of Right as well as other laws and customs.
5. Explain the reasons for a conflict over who would succeed Charles II and why this led to the attempt to pass the Exclusion Bill. How was the Bill actually defeated?
A: James II was Charles’ brother, but he was a practicing Catholic (Charles had no heir). People feared that there would be a revival of Catholic power. Exclusion Bill proposed to exclude James from the monarchy. Tories defeated the Bill by accepting the habeas corpus (person could not be imprisoned by a king without just cause). “Compromise”.
6. Who were the Whigs? The Tories?
A: England’s first political parties. Whigs were those that wanted to exclude James from the monarchy. Tories were those that defended the hereditary monarchy.
7&8 Parliament tolerated James II, despite his desire to restore absolute monarchy until what event? Explain how the Glorious Revolution occurred and who came to power.
A: The birth of James’ son (from second wife). Everyone was waiting patiently for James to die (Protestant daughter Mary would become ruler) but when his son was born (to be raised Catholic) it was clear he would inherit the throne. Whig and Tories united and invited Mary’s husband William of Orange (ruler of Netherlands) to invade England and take over the Crown. James fled (no support) William and Mary took the throne without bloodshed=Glorious Revolution (named this b/c it was peaceful).
9. Identify the following:
Bill of Right: King could not raise taxes or maintain an army without the consent of Parliament (could not suspend laws). Parliament should be held often, should be freedom of debate. Right to trial by jury, no cruel or unusual punishment, limited the amount of bail paid for a person awaiting trial. Right to appeal, speak freely in Parliament.
Act of Settlement: Parliament excluded any Catholic from inheriting the English throne (James tried unsuccessfully to recapture the Crown).
Act of Union: It united France and England into a new nation called “Great Britain”.
10. Was England a true democracy after the Glorious Revolution? Why or Why not?
A: No, although the monarchy did not have absolute power (Parliamentary influence was strong) and H of C members were elected, only male property owners could vote (250,000 people out of 6 million). 4 % of population. H of C members were not paid (made up of the wealthy and nobility, clergy).
11. Explain how the cabinet became a part of British government and how the office of prime minister emerged.
A: Anne (Hanover) was not skilled in politics -> sought guidance from a cabinet (advisers fr. H of C) A cabinet of Whigs and Tories fought therefore it became custom to pick a cabinet of members from the majority party. Anne was succeeded by George I – raised in Germany, spoke little English and relied on cabinet. Sir Robert Walpole (leader of Whigs) gained control of cabinet and advised King eventually est. position of prime minister (chief exec. of a parliamentary gov’t)
Chapter 20 Section 3 Questions/Answers
1. What were some of the differences between the people of the 13 colonies in America and the people of Britain?
A: Colonists: common language and political background; many radicals (fled from Britain); no aristocracy – no real social classes (everyone was the same – hard workers); colonists used to governing themselves.
British: no radicals (those with political ideas re: liberty, universal suffrage etc.); aristocracy (social ranking); monarchy.
2. How did Britain view the role of the colonies? How and why did they regulate trade with the colonies?
A: Saw them as only valuable to the extent that they benefited British trade (mercantilist view). IE: Produce goods (raw materials mostly) and provide markets for British manufactured goods. They passed a series of Navigational Acts that required colonists to export certain products only to Britain or other British colonies and all goods going to the colonies had to pass through G.B where they were taxed before reaching the colonies. All goods going to the colonies had to be transported on ships made in G.B.
3. Why was a greater percentage of men able to vote in the colonies than in Britain?
A: Voting was still restricted to landowning males; however, it was much easier to acquire land in the colonies.
4. What important power did the colonial assemblies gain in the early 1700s?
A: They won the right to limit the salaries of governors and judges and withhold /reduce his salary if he did not do as colonists pleased.
5. How did the outcome of the French and Indian War affect Britain’s view of the American colonies? What was the purpose of the Royal Proclamation of 1763? The enforcement of the Navigation Acts?
A: Britain’s felt some resentment towards the colonies as the cost of the war was debilitating. The Royal Proclamation that said that colonists could not (for time being) settle in lands west of the Appalachians. Thought it would avoid wars with Native Americans until GB had the area under control.
6. Identify and explain the role of each of the following in the to demands for independence:
The Stamp Act: all print materials must be stamped to show that a tax had been paid to GB.
The Declaratory Acts: Gave the British Parliament the right to pass laws governing the colonies.
Boston Massacre: Clash between British and American troops – crowd in Boston harassed the British troops (snowballs and eggs) gunfire= 5 Bostonians dead.
Boston Tea Party: Unrest in Boston Brits repealed most of its taxes, but kept its tax on tea. Special law was passed to allow Brits to sell tea in the colonies w/out paying tax = they could in turn sell their tea at a cheaper price which hurt the colonial tea merchants. Bostonians were not happy they dressed as Native Americans and dumped wooden chests of British tea into Boston Harbour (known as the Boston Tea Party).
Intolerable Acts: Punishment for the Boston Tea Party = Acts closed the harbor until the tea had been paid for and required the colonists to house and feed the British soldiers in their homes. Acts also reduced the colonists’ right of self-gov’t.
Quebec Act: Placed Canada and territories north of the Ohio River under a separate gov’t, thus closing the area to the colonists.
7. What was the reason for the First Continental Congress of 1775? What did the Congress conclude about the power of colonial legislatures? What did the Congress do with regard to trade with Britain.
A: The repressive measures of the Brits convinced the 13 colonies to form a union of resistance (meeting of colonial representatives to discuss grievances). They concluded that the colonials were entitled to make their own legislation (laws). They also recognized Parliament’s right to regulate trade and agreed that the colonies would not import goods from GB after Dec.1775 & after Sept.1775 not to send colonial goods to GB.
8. Why did the colonies begin to create a volunteer army in 1775?
A: They created volunteer armies b/c many colonists wanted to take more radical measures (battle) to rid themselves of GB’s control.
Monday, December 14, 2009
Chapter 20 Section 4 Notes
Chapter 20 Section 4 Notes
Events Leading Up to the Declaration of Independence
April 19, 1775: Battle of Lexington and Concord occurs when Massachusetts’ Governor General Gage is ordered to seize colonists’ military supplies in Concord. Warned by Paul Revere and William Dawes, colonial minutemen engage the British army. 300 British and 100 colonials are killed. A humiliating outcome for the British army.
May 1775, Second Continental Congress meets in Philadelphia, establishing George Washington as military commander of American Colonial forces. Olive Branch Petition seeking a peaceful negotiation of differences is sent to King George III. It is refused.
January 1776: Thomas Paine’s booklet, Common Sense, is published and 120,000 copies circulate. It convinces many that it is “time to part” with Great Britain. George Washington even has it read to his troops. Perfect timing to help turn the tide of public opinion towards independence.
Delegates to Second Continental Congress appoint Thomas Jefferson and four others to draft the Declaration of Independence, founded on ideas of John Locke and other Enlightenment thinkers. It establishes the justification for separation from Britain on the basis of breach of social contract.
July 4, 1776: Declaration of Independence is adopted by the Congress. It does not have popular majority support from all the colonies. Popular split in the colonies is roughly 1/3 for independence, 1/3 neutral, and 1/3 opposed war. War is now inevitable.
The War of Independence
Early battles in New York and New Jersey as the British try to divide northern and southern colonies. British have the advantage with well-trained, well-equipped troops; powerful navy; German mercenaries; plenty of war experience.
American colonists lack adequate weapons and ammunition, clothing, money, food, battle experience, and have no naval power to speak of. They are,however, fighting on their own turf and draw support from their own people. The British must bring in supplies from Britain. American use ambush tactics of guerilla warfare and the British redcoats make excellent targets.
Turning point of the War comes in October 1777 at Battle of Saratoga, N.Y when British are forced to surrender 6,000 troops to the colonial army. This victory convinced the French to support the revolutionary army with troops and supplies.
In 1779, Spain declares war on Great Britain. Spain and France send naval forces to attack British in the West Indies and in 1780 the Netherlands join the attack. Britain is now defending itself on several fronts, at home and in America.
In 1781, George Washington accepts the surrender of the British army and Lord Cornwallis at Yorktown, Virginia. 1783, Britain finally recognizes the American colonies as an independent nation.
The New Government
1st Constitution, the Articles of Confederation, fails to work. Lacks true federal power and no funding form the States.
1788: Congress ratifies the United States Constitution, implementing a federal system of government called a republic. This constitution drew on Montesquieu’s idea of the separation of powers between executive, legislative, and judicial branches of gov’t.
1789: George Washington elected as the first president of the United States of America.
U.S Congress develops the Bill of Rights as an amendment to the U.S Constitution. Its purpose is to identify and guarantee “natural” human rights and liberties.
Events Leading Up to the Declaration of Independence
April 19, 1775: Battle of Lexington and Concord occurs when Massachusetts’ Governor General Gage is ordered to seize colonists’ military supplies in Concord. Warned by Paul Revere and William Dawes, colonial minutemen engage the British army. 300 British and 100 colonials are killed. A humiliating outcome for the British army.
May 1775, Second Continental Congress meets in Philadelphia, establishing George Washington as military commander of American Colonial forces. Olive Branch Petition seeking a peaceful negotiation of differences is sent to King George III. It is refused.
January 1776: Thomas Paine’s booklet, Common Sense, is published and 120,000 copies circulate. It convinces many that it is “time to part” with Great Britain. George Washington even has it read to his troops. Perfect timing to help turn the tide of public opinion towards independence.
Delegates to Second Continental Congress appoint Thomas Jefferson and four others to draft the Declaration of Independence, founded on ideas of John Locke and other Enlightenment thinkers. It establishes the justification for separation from Britain on the basis of breach of social contract.
July 4, 1776: Declaration of Independence is adopted by the Congress. It does not have popular majority support from all the colonies. Popular split in the colonies is roughly 1/3 for independence, 1/3 neutral, and 1/3 opposed war. War is now inevitable.
The War of Independence
Early battles in New York and New Jersey as the British try to divide northern and southern colonies. British have the advantage with well-trained, well-equipped troops; powerful navy; German mercenaries; plenty of war experience.
American colonists lack adequate weapons and ammunition, clothing, money, food, battle experience, and have no naval power to speak of. They are,however, fighting on their own turf and draw support from their own people. The British must bring in supplies from Britain. American use ambush tactics of guerilla warfare and the British redcoats make excellent targets.
Turning point of the War comes in October 1777 at Battle of Saratoga, N.Y when British are forced to surrender 6,000 troops to the colonial army. This victory convinced the French to support the revolutionary army with troops and supplies.
In 1779, Spain declares war on Great Britain. Spain and France send naval forces to attack British in the West Indies and in 1780 the Netherlands join the attack. Britain is now defending itself on several fronts, at home and in America.
In 1781, George Washington accepts the surrender of the British army and Lord Cornwallis at Yorktown, Virginia. 1783, Britain finally recognizes the American colonies as an independent nation.
The New Government
1st Constitution, the Articles of Confederation, fails to work. Lacks true federal power and no funding form the States.
1788: Congress ratifies the United States Constitution, implementing a federal system of government called a republic. This constitution drew on Montesquieu’s idea of the separation of powers between executive, legislative, and judicial branches of gov’t.
1789: George Washington elected as the first president of the United States of America.
U.S Congress develops the Bill of Rights as an amendment to the U.S Constitution. Its purpose is to identify and guarantee “natural” human rights and liberties.
Monday, Dec.14
Students passed in thesis statements
Worked on "Boston Tea Party" History Folder Response. Go to http://www.eyewitnesstohistory.com/pfteaparty.htm
“The Boston Tea Party, 1773”
Eyewitness History
History Folder Response
1. In a paragraph, summarize what the article is about.
2. What caused the Boston Tea Party?
3. Why do you think the colonists dressed up as Native Americans?
4. Why did the colonists choose “tea” to make their point?
5. How did the colonists make sure that the tea would be unusable?
We went over Section 1 questions and part of section 2 questions on the overhead.
Chapter 20 test on Friday!!
Worked on "Boston Tea Party" History Folder Response. Go to http://www.eyewitnesstohistory.com/pfteaparty.htm
“The Boston Tea Party, 1773”
Eyewitness History
History Folder Response
1. In a paragraph, summarize what the article is about.
2. What caused the Boston Tea Party?
3. Why do you think the colonists dressed up as Native Americans?
4. Why did the colonists choose “tea” to make their point?
5. How did the colonists make sure that the tea would be unusable?
We went over Section 1 questions and part of section 2 questions on the overhead.
Chapter 20 test on Friday!!
Thursday, December 10, 2009
Thursday, Dec.10
I went over Ch.20 Section 1 notes
Passed out Ch.20 Section 2 and 3 notes
Homework: Section 2 questions
Research Paper thesis statement: Due Monday
Passed out Ch.20 Section 2 and 3 notes
Homework: Section 2 questions
Research Paper thesis statement: Due Monday
Wednesday, December 9, 2009
Wed. Dec.9, 2009
Finished copying Ch.20 Section 1 notes
Went to computer lab (attempted web assignment)but computers weren't working so we used the time to print off articles for your research papers.
Went to computer lab (attempted web assignment)but computers weren't working so we used the time to print off articles for your research papers.
Chicago Style Web Assignment
Chicago Style Web Exercises
Go to the website "www.dianahacker.com"
Click on “Instructor Sites”
Click on “A Writer’s Reference”
Click on “Writing Exercises”
Click on “Research Exercises”
Click on “CMS (Chicago)”
Complete each of the following exercises. You MUST print your results at the end of each activity.
Exercises: CMS 2-1; 2-2; 2-3; CMS 4-2; 4-3;4-4;4-5 4-6
You must have a print-out of each exercise.
** You may need to refer to this website http://www.dianahacker.com/resdoc/p04_c10_s1.html for information regarding bibliographies and endnotes/footnotes.
Go to the website "www.dianahacker.com"
Click on “Instructor Sites”
Click on “A Writer’s Reference”
Click on “Writing Exercises”
Click on “Research Exercises”
Click on “CMS (Chicago)”
Complete each of the following exercises. You MUST print your results at the end of each activity.
Exercises: CMS 2-1; 2-2; 2-3; CMS 4-2; 4-3;4-4;4-5 4-6
You must have a print-out of each exercise.
** You may need to refer to this website http://www.dianahacker.com/resdoc/p04_c10_s1.html for information regarding bibliographies and endnotes/footnotes.
Tuesday, December 8, 2009
Tuesday, Dec.8
Happy Birthday Tyler!!!
We worked on Ch.20 Section I questions (1-11) due tomorrow (worth 11 class marks)
My notes for section 1 have seemed to be missing from my hard drive!!! Let's hope I can 'recover' them tonight!
We worked on Ch.20 Section I questions (1-11) due tomorrow (worth 11 class marks)
My notes for section 1 have seemed to be missing from my hard drive!!! Let's hope I can 'recover' them tonight!
Monday, December 7, 2009
Monday, Dec 7
Topics for research papers due today
Copied Ch.20 Section 1 notes
Passed back Ch.19 Tests
Copied Ch.20 Section 1 notes
Passed back Ch.19 Tests
Friday, December 4, 2009
Thur and Fri Dec 3 & 4
We spent the last two days in the library finding books and choosing a topic for our research papers.
Handed out a hard copy of the expectations and deadlines for the research paper (booklet).
Topic is due: Dec.7
Handed out a hard copy of the expectations and deadlines for the research paper (booklet).
Topic is due: Dec.7
Tuesday, December 1, 2009
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